Fluorinated ethers



United States Patent 3,453,333 FLUORINATED ETHERS Morton H. Litt and Francis W. Evans, Morristown, N.J., assignors to Allied Chemical Corporation, New York, N.Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Filed Oct. 1, 1965, Ser. No. 492,276 Int. Cl. C07c 41/06, 43/12 US. Cl. 260614 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Heretofore perfluorinated aliphatic ethers have been prepared by electrolyzing the corresponding dialkyl ethers in hydrogen fluoride. These perfluorinated ethers have a high degree of chemical inertness and, thus, it is extremely diflicult to use them as intermediates in the preparation of other compounds. This chemical inertness results from the strong carbon-to-fluorine bond. More reactive compounds can be produced by replacing at least one of the fluorine atoms of the above-described perfluorinated ethers with a different halogen to thereby provide a more active site. Additionally, a wider range of properties can be obtained if the process for producing the fluorinated ether is such that hydrogen or other substituents can be placed in selected positions.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide fluorine-containing ethers which are useful as intermediates in the preparation of other compounds.

Another object of this invention is to provide fluorinecontaining ethers in which at least one substituent is a member of the group consisting of chlorine, bromine or iodine.

A further object of this invention is to provide a process for the preparation of the above-described ethers.

Additional objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description thereof.

The fluorine-containing ethers of the present invention are represented by the formula wherein R and R are independently either fluorine or a perhalogenated alkyl radical in which the halogen atoms are selected from the group consisting of fluorine and chlorine with at least one fluorine atom being attached to each carbon atom and A is a member selected from the group consisting of radicals of the formulas where R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen and alkyl of -1 to 10 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine; R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of fluorine and hydrogen; R is selected from the group consisting of fluorine, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and perfluorinated alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms with 3,453,333 Patented July 1, 1969 R always being fluorine when both R, and R are fluorine; and p is an integer of 1 to 9.

These ethers are preferably prepared by first reacting a perhalogenated ketone or a perhalogenated acyl fluoride with an ionizable fluoride salt to form a fluorinated organic salt and then reacting the organic salts with an olefin and a halogen other than fluorine (chlorine, bromine, iodine and diatomic interhalogens thereof such as iodine monochloride) to form the desired ether. The first reaction is illustrated by the following equation: R

R(|3=O MB Ftil0-M+ where R and R' have the meanings given above, and M is a member selected from the group consisting of potassium, cesium, silver, rubidium, and tetraalkylammonium ions.

The olefin reacted with the fluorinated organic salt in the second reaction is selected from the group consisting of compounds of the following formulas:

(1) R CH=CHR where R and R have the meanings given above; R CF=CR R When a perhalogenated acyl fluoride, e.g., a compound of the formula:

0 CnX2n+l C where X is fluorine or chlorine with at least one fluorine being attached to each carbon atom, and n is preferably an integer of 0 to 10, is employed as a starting material, an ether is produced in which at least one of the radicals R and R is fluorine. Such ethers are illustrated by the formula C X CF O-A, where X, A and n have the meanings given above. On the other hand, when a perhalogenated ketone, e.g., a compound of the formula:

where m and m are preferably integers of 1 to 8 with the sum of m and m preferably not exceeding 10, and X is fluorine or chlorine with at least one X on each carbon atom being fluorine, is employed as a starting material, an ether is produced in which both R and R are a perhalogenated alkyl radical. Such ethers are ilustrated by the formula:

F -O-A mXzm'H When a perhalogenated ketone is used, not only are the ether products new compounds but the intermediate salts of the formula:

C XZm'H F -O-M+ mXrma-i where X, M, m and m have the meanings given above, are also novel.

The reaction between one of the above-defined perhalogenated ketones or perhalogenated acid fluorides and a fluorinated compound of the formula MF to form a fluorinated organic salt proceeds readily upon admixture of the reactants and can be conveniently carried out at room temperature. A suitable procedure is to add the fluorinated ketone or acyl fluoride to a suspension of the MF salt in a liquid medium which is a solvent or partial solvent for the desired product. Suitable liquid media which can be used are lower alkyl nitriles such as acetonitrile, lower alkyl t-amides, e.g. dilower alkylformaides such as dimethyl formamide, nitrobenzene, butyrolactone, sulfolanes such as 3-methyl sulfolane, and sulfones such as methyl ethyl sulfone. As the size of ketone or acid fluoride molecule increases, the fluorinated organic salt produced becomes less soluble and the yield of product is lowered. It is therefore preferred to use ketones and acid fluorides containing 11 or less carbon atoms, although larger molecules can be used if desired,

Preferably about 0.8 to 4 mols of the fluoride reactant MP is used for each mol of fluorinated ketone or acyl fluoride. The organic salt produced is decomposed by water, and it is therefore recommended that the reaction be conducted under anhydrous conditions. Since tetraalkyl ammonium fluorides are somewhat unstable and diflicult to handle, the tetraalkyl ammonium salts are preferably prepared by first making a potassium salt in accordance with Equation I and then reacting the potassium salt with either the tetraalkyl ammonium chloride or a tetraalkyl ammonium perchlorate to form the desired product and a KCl or KClO precipitate.

Suitable ketones for use in the present invention include hexafluoroacetone; a-chloropentafluoroacetone; u,a'-dichlorotetrafluoroacetone; a,u,a'-trichlorotrifluoroacetone; a,a-dichlorotetrafluoroacetone; octafluorobutanone; a-chloroheptafluorobutanone; decafluoro-3-pentanone; 2-trifluoromethyl-3-perfluoropentanone; dodecafluoro-3-hexanone; tetracafluoro-3 -heptanone; perfluoro-6-undecanone, etc.

Suitable acyl fluorides include .4 Attempts have been made to employ as starting materials carbonyl compounds which contain hydrogen. Compounds that have been tried include tetrafluoroacetone, trifluoroacetaldehyde and trichloroacetaldehyde. In each case, the desired fluorinated ether was not obtained. It is believed that this difli'culty results from the presence of hydrogen in close proximity to the carbonyl group.

The reaction between a fluorinated organic salt, an olefin and a halogen to form a fluorinated ether also proceeds readily at room temperature. This reaction can be conveniently conducted in the same liquid medium as the first reaction, and it is unnecessary to isolate the fluorinated organic salt formed in the first reaction, but rather the olefin and halogen reactants can be added directly to the reaction mixture. The general formulas of the three groups of olefins which can be employed in the present invention are given above. Illustrative of specific olefins are:

CH =CH CFFCF CFFCH CF =CFCL CF =CFBr, CHC1=CH CFFCF CF CH =CHCH CH CF =CFCF CF CFFCF 2) 12 3a and CHGH2 CH2 CHr-Ci The fluorinated ethers can be separated from the other compounds present in the reaction mixture by fractional distillation. If excess iodine is present, the purification of the fluorinated other is facilitated if the iodine is first converted to NaI by reaction with an aqueous solution of sodium sulfite prior to the fractional distillation.

A particularly outstanding group of compounds within the scope of this invention are those fluorinated ethers prepared from perhalogenated acetones containing at least three fluorine atoms. The ethers thus prepared possess terminal halogenated isopropyl radicals and can be converted to excellent surfactants by a proces herein after described. These ethers are represented by the formula:

where A has the meaning given above, and X is chlorine or fluorine.

The fluorinated ethers of this invention can be used as intermediates in the preparation of other compounds and, additionally, those ethers which are liquid can be used as solvents for igh molecular weight resinous perhalogenated compounds such as solid polychlorotrifluoroethylene resins.

Fluorinated acids can be produced by reacting the fluorinated ethers of this invention with a Grignard reagent to form a magnesium halide adduct, reacting this adduct with CO to form a magnesium halide salt, and then acidifying this salt. The sequence of reactions is illustrated by the following equation in which the ether employed is perfluoroisopropyl, 2'-iodotetrafluoroethyl ether.

CF; OH

wherein R"MgX represents a Grignard reagent in which X is the halogen. The reactions involving the Grignard reagent and the carbon dioxide proceed very rapidly and can be conducted at temperatures considerably below C. It is recommended that both of these reactions be concipitation of KClO which was removed by filtration. The filtrate was poured into 1 liter of benzene, thereby precipitating 11.4 grams of an organic salt of the formula ducted at temperatures less than 0 C. in order to better Which Was recovered by filtration. control the reaction rates and prevent decomposition of Examplg 3 the Grignard reagent. The fluorinated acids and the alkali metal salts thereof lower the surface tension of water A eerles of eXPenmentS were earned out whleh and thus are useful as surfactants. The fluorinated acids Prganle Salts 9 p al genated acetones were prepared and alkali metal salts prepared from perhalogenated a manner m that deserlbed 1T1 p but, ketones are novel compounds instead of precipitating the organ c salts by addlng the Those ethers having the formulas; reaction mixture to benzene, fluorinated ethers were pre pared by adding an olefin and a halogen to the reaction I I mixture. A typical example is as follows: FC--OCHCHY and FCOCFHCY Into a flask equipped with a Dry-Ice condenser and L a magnetic stirrer were placed 1.0 liters of acetonitrile and 116 grams of anhydrous potassium fluoride. The sus- Whefein 1 2, 4 5 and Y have the meanlng; pension was stirred and 166 grams of hexafluoroacetone 15315? tiirei y rriifi in yi $31? iii'l i iiyii- ZZZ? il fri i2? 3.5336 11? ivifi iifiniiii inl riiglfii halogellatiofl Can be accomplished by treatment with a grams of iodine were added and then 39 liters of tetra- Stfong base- In a yp P f 100 g ogl fluoroethylene were added over a period of 5.5 hours with above ether are admixed wit 80 grams of a an the temperature of the reaction mixture being about 26 grams of Soda lime and the reaction IniXillre is distilled, 25 C. The reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 15 h di till t thus obtained being the desfiredhvinyl ll ether. hours and then poured into 1 liter of ice water. A solution The follo ng x pl are g n to urt i ustrate of sodium sulfite was added until all the iodine was he nv but it is to be understood that h v n n reduced and the solution became colorless. The reaction is not to be limited in any Way by the details d s r d mixture was then diluted with 4 liters of water, following therein. 30 which the organic liquid was separated. The organic liquid Example 1 was fractionally distilled to give a 17% yield of perfluoro- Into a flask equipped with a Dry-Ice condenser and 33 1 5? 25,32 Q C I 7%% $Zf gg; z i f' a magnetic stirrer were placed 26 grams of anhydrous s 250 C of 13155 g e potassium fluoride and 200 milliliters of acetonitrile. The Analys'l-s C 14 6% I 30 8% Found, resulting suspension was stirred, and 82 grams of gaseous C, 147% 30.2% hexilfluorollcetqne were added over a one'hour. q The same fluorinated ether was produced by repeating dunng Whlch tune temoperature. the reactlon d the above procedure, substituting silver fluoride for the l rose from 24 42 z p the reactlon potassium fluoride. The organic salt intermediate formed mixture was then continued for an additional two hours, in this reaction after which almost all of the potassium fluoride had dissolved. The reaction mixture was admixed with 1 liter of dry benzene and cooled, thereby precipitating 91.62 grams F of an organic salt which was recovered by filtration. This organic salt was determined to be (CF FCO K+ with a 5 0173 small amlmnt of g f gg g i 7 4457 4 A number of diflerent fluorinated ethers were prepared Anaiysls calcu 26 1 using the above procedure but substituting approximately Found 145% equivalent molar proportions of other reactants. When Example 2 the halogen compound added in the second step contained I t fi k d th D y R co dc r d chlorine or Il1 ron11ifri1e, the hgogien vsi/aiaddedfislowly at the n o a as equlppe W1 a I e 1 8 a a same t1met e o e n was a e an t e uri cationo the mechanical st r r Were Placed grams of POtQSSiPIII fluorinated ether was changed slightly. Potassium io dide fluoride and 77 cc. of acetonitrile. The resulting suspension as added to the reaction product to convert the remainwas stirred and 23 grams of gaseous hexafluoroacetone ing chlorine or bromine to KCl or KBr and the iodine were added over a 20-minute period, during which time thus formed was then reacted with sodium sulfite in the the temperature of the reaction mixture rose from 19.5 manner described above. In Table I there are set forth C. to 43.5 C. A solution of 28.6 grams of tetraethylam the reactants employed in the above procedures and the monium perchlorate dissolved in cc. of acetonitrile products obtained, while in Table II there are given the was added to the reaction mixture resulting in the prechemical analyses of these products.

TABLE I First reactants Second reactants Fluo- Organic salt Halo- Fluorinated ether Refractive B.P. of product Ketone ride intermediate Olefin gen product and yield index of product; C./mm. Hg

KF O'K+ CFFOF I2 C3F7O CFzCFzI 1.3155/22" C- 86-87l760 mm. H Yield: 17%. CFa-C-GF CF3(|)-CF3 0 RF O"K+ CF2=CH2 I2 CqF7OCF2CH2I 1.3426/22 C- 110/760 mm. Yield: 34%. CFz-C-CFa CF:( F-CF3 O KF O-K+ CFz=CHz 1C1 CaF1OCF2CH I 1.3426/22" C 110/760 mm. H I Yield: 52%. CFa-C-CFa CF3-(]3CF3 TAB LE II Percent chlorine Percent carbon Percent hydrogen Percent fluorine Percent iodine or bromine Compound Found Cale. Found Cale. Found Calc. Found Calc. Found Cale C F1O CF2CF2I 14. 7 14. 30.2 C3F1O CF2CH2I 15. 96 15. 96 42 0. 56 43. 0 45. 34. 3 C3F1O CFHCH2I 16. 8 16. 8 0. 81 0. 84 41. 0 42. 4 34. 8 C F7O CHzCHzI 17. 5 17. 6 1. 32 1. 39. 5 39. 1 37. 3 C F O CFz-CFI 16.1 15. 6 49. 0 53. 5 26. 8

C F O CFgCFClI 13. 9 14.0 41.0 44. 3 28. 6 C F1O CF2CFBrI 13.1 12.7 40. 2 40. 2 26. 3 CaFeC1OCFgCFgI 13.7 14.0 43.3 44.3 30.5 29. 6 7.1 (CI) 8.3 C3F5C12O CF;CFgI 13. 7 13. 5 37.8 38.6 28. 6 28. 4 15.3 (C1) 15.8 03F; C1 0 CF2CFQI 13.4 13.0 35. 5 32. 9 26 3 27. 5 23.8 (C1) 23. 1 C3F7O CFgCHzBr 18. 15 18. 2 0. 61 22.2 (Br) 24. 3 C F OCFHCH Br 19.3 19.3 0.86 1.0 45. 7 48.9 25.7 (Br) 25.7 C3F7O CF OHgCl 21. 5 21.1 1.18 0.70 11.9 (C1). 12. 5

ISOMETRIC MIXTURE C H 26 6 26. 2 2. 75 2. 49 26.9 (Br) 24. 9 (3.) C3F70-CH-CH2B1 (b) C F7OCH2CHB1 C F7O CFzCFgBl 16. 4 6- 4 19.7 (Br) 21. 9

ISOMERIC rnxrunn (a) C3F1O CHClCHrI 16.3 16.0 0.96 0.80 33.8 33.9 11.5 (Cl) 9.5 (b) C F7O CH2CHC1I I o,1=.0 27. 2 27. 4 2. so 2. 5s 32. 1 32. 2

C3F7O CHzCHgBl 20. 9 20. 5 1. 7 1. 29.9 (Br) 27. 3 C F O CHCHzBr 37. 8 38. 5 5. 13 4. 9 32. 8 25.5 (Br) 19.8

Example 4 tive index of l.3458/24 C. and a boiling point of 88 90 C /760 mm Hg Into a flask e in ed wlth Dr -Ice condenser and a PP Y Analyszs.Calculated: c, 20.5 H, 1.40% Br,

stirrer were placed 250 ml. of acetonitrile and 76 grams of cesium fluoride. The suspension was stirred and 41 grams of perfluoropropionyl fluoride were added over a one-hour period. During this addition, the heat of reaction caused the temperature to rise to 50 C. and the flask was then cooled with ice for the remainder of the reaction. A solution of 41 grams of iodine chloride in 100 ml. of acetonitrile was added over a six-hour period while simultaneously adding 20 liters of gaseous CF CH The reaction mixture was poured into one liter of ice water and 1.3 grams of N21 SO were added. The organic layer was separated and fractionally distilled to give a 16% yield of perfiuoropropyl,2'-iodo-l',l-difluoroethyl ether having a refractive index of 1.3390/24" C. and a boiling point of 5152 C./90 mm. Hg.

Analysis.-Calculated: C, 16.0%.; H, 0.50%; I, 33.8%. Found: C, 16.2%; H, 0.64%; I, 34.0%.

Example 5 Into a flask equipped with a Dry-Ice condenser and a stirrer were placed 250 ml. of acetonitrile and 15 grams of potassium fluoride. The suspension was stirred and grams of perfluoropropionyl chloride were added over a one-hour period. After the addition of 10 grams of the perfluoropropionyl chloride, a 40-gram charge of cesium fluoride was added to the reaction mixture. During the reaction, the temperature of the reaction mixture rose from 24 C. to 40 C. at which time the flask was cooled with cold water.

The resulting solution was saturated with ethylene. A solution of 40 grams of bromine in 250 ml. of acetonitrile and 28 liters of gaseous ethylene were then simultaneously added over a seven-hour period. The resulting product was poured in ice water and a solution of 2.49 grams of Na SO in 12 cc. of water was added. The organic layer was separated and fractionally distilled to give a 17% vield of perfiuoropropyl, 2'-bromoethyl ether having a refrac- 27.3%. Found: C, 20.9%; H, 1.74%; Br, 29.9%.

Example 6 Into a flask equipped with a Dry Ice condenser and a magnetic stirrer were added 21.6 grams of bromobenzene, 3.35 grams of magnesium, and 150 ml. of anhydrous ethyl ether, and a Grignard reagent was prepared in the standard manner under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction flask was cooled with Dry Ice and an additional 50 ml. of anhydrous ethyl other were added. A solution of 51.5 grams of perfluoroisopropyl, 2-iodotetrafluoroethyl ether and 50 ml. of ethyl ether was added to the reaction mixture which was then stirred for one-half hour. Another ml. of ethyl ether were added and the reaction mixture allowed to warm to 42 C. Carbon dioxide was bubbled into the reaction mixture at a rate of 0.1 mol per hour for two hours. Stirring was then continued for sixteen hours while allowing the reaction mixture to warm to room temperature.

.T he reaction mixture was next cooled to 0 C. and 400 ml. of precooled 24% sulfuric acid were added. The ether layer was separated and the aqueous layer extacted three times with 100-ml. portions of ethyl ether. The ether solutions were combined and a product consisting primarily of (CF FCOCF CF COOH was obtained by fractional distillation. The product was dissolved in absolute methyl alcohol and titrated with a solution of 2 N sodium hydroxide in methyl alcohol to the phenolphthalein end point. The solution was flash evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness, yielding 9.1 grams of The effect of this composition on the surface tension of water was determined by measuring the surface ten- Surface tension dynes/ cm.)

Concentration of fluorinated salt in water (wt. percent):

The corresponding acid was prepared by acidifying the above sodium salt with HCl to a pH of 1.5. The effect of this acid on the surface tension of water was tested and the results were as follows:

Concentration of fluorinated Surface tension A suspension of 2.6 grams of magnesium in 1000 cc. of ethyl ether was placed in a flask equipped with a Dry Ice condenser and a magnetic stirrer, and 20 cc. of bromobenzene were added to form the Grignard reagent C H MgBr. The reaction mixture was cooled to 75 C. with Dry Ice and nitrogen was bubbled through the solution to remove all the oxygen. A solution of 45 grams of 12 The effect of this acid on the surface tension of water was determined in the manner described in Example 4.

Concentration of acid Surface tension in water (wt. percent): (dynes/cm.) 0 73.0 0.33 40.1 0.67 37.2 1.10 33.4 1.46 30.0 1.75 28.4

Example 8 A series of experiments were run to prepare fluorinated ethers in solvent media other than acetonitrile. A typical procedure is as follows:

Into a flask equipped with a Dry Ice condenser and a magnetic stirrer were placed 32 grams of anhydrous cesium fluoride and 200 ml. of dry nitrobenzene. The resulting suspension was stirred and 33 grams of gaseous hexafluoroacetone were added. A temperature rise of 10 C. was noticed. Vinylidene fluoride was bubbled through the resulting suspension for one hour during which period 32 grams of bromine were added dropwise. The solution was stirred for another hour, then the solution filtered, and the filtrate distilled at atmospheric pressure. Fiftytwo grams of a product (boiling point 84-86 C.) were obtained which was analyzed by vapor phase chromatographic analysis and shown to be a mixture of 49 grams C3F7OCF2CHZBI' and 3 grams BrcF CH Br. The pure product was separated from the dibromide by another distillation.

In a similar manner fluorinated ethers were prepared in S-methyl sulfolane, butyrolactone, and dimethyl formamide.

Solvent Ketone Fluoride Olefin Halogen Product and yield CH: H

CFs-C-CF; CSF CHFCH Bl'g CaF' O CH CH BI S Yield: 14% 2 CHr-CHQ (I? O CF3CCF; KF CHz=HC Brz C3F1O CH C HgBX Yield: 4% GE -0:0

it @1610; CFr-C-CF; CsF CF2=CH Br; CaF1OCF2CH Br Yield: 74%

ll (CHa)2N--C=O CFa-OCF; KF CFH=CH2 B1: CQF'IO CFHCH BI I Yield: 10% H 1,3 dichloropentafluoroisopropyl, 2'-iodotetrafluoroethyl Example 9 ether was added to the reaction mixture with stirring over a period of 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to -40 C. and carbon dioxide was passed through the reaction mixture for two hours at a rate of 0.1 mol per hour. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and then flash evaporated to remove 6 the ether solvent. The residue was washed with hexane and then treated with an excess of aqueous sulfuric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ether and the ether solution fractionally distilled to give CFaCl OC Fr-C Fr-C O OH.

CFaCl having a boiling point of 70 C./2 mm. Hg.

The compound 2-trifluoromethyl-3-perfiuoropentanone was prepared in accordance with the method of Smith et. al. (Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1962, vol. 84, page 4285), by reacting perfluoropropylene with perfluoropropionyl fluoride in acetonitrile using cesium 5 fluoride as a catalyst. Thirty-one grams of cesium fluoride and 200 ml. of acetonitrile were admixed in a flask equipped with a Dry Ice condenser and 26 grams of 2- trifluoromethyl-3-perfluoropentanone were added over a one-hour period. Thirty-two grams of bromine were then added dropwise over a six-hour period while simultaneously bubbling Vinylidene fluoride through the reaction mixture.

The reaction mixture was poured into one liter of ice water. The lower layer was collected and washed with water. Two immiscible liquids were obtained, the lighter of which was distilled to give grams of the compound.

CF3 FCFOCF OH;Br

This compound had a boiling point of 140-142 C. and a refractive index of 1.3185/ 24 C.

Example 10 Perfluoroctanoic acid fluoride was prepared by reacting the corresponding acid chloride with potassium fluoride in acetonitrile. Forty-two grams of the acid fluoride were added over a one-hour period to a reaction mixture containing 20 grams of cesium fluoride and 250 cc. of acetonitrile. Sixteen and one-half grams of cyclohexene were added to the reaction mixture following which a solution of 32 grams of iodine monochloride dissolved in acetonitrile were added dropwise over a two-hour period. After stirring overnight, the reaction mixture was poured into, cold water. The lower layer was separated and washed with water and then dilute ammonia. The resulting material was distilled leaving 2 grams of solid material in the distillation flask. The solid material was analyzed by infrared spectrum analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance and found to be the compound It will be apparent that many modifications and variations may be etfected without departing from the scope of the novel concepts of the present invention, and the illustrative details disclosed are not to be construed as imposing undue limitations on the invention.

We claim:

1. A fluorinated organic compound of the formula wherein m and m are integers of l to 8 with the sum of m and m not exceeding 10, X is a member selected from the group consisting of chlorine and fluorine with at least one X on each carbon atom being fluorine and A is a member selected from the group consisting of radicals of the formulas:

where R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine; R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of fluorine and hydrogen; R is selected from the group consisting of fluorine, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and perfluorinated alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms with R always being fluorine when both R, and R are fluorine; and p is an integer of 1 to 9.

2. A fluorinated organic compound of the formula:

14 wherein X is a member selected from the group consisting of chlorine and fluorine, and A is a member selected from the group consisting of radicals of the formulas:

where R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine; R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of fluorine and hydrogen; R is selected from the group consisting of fluorine, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and perfluorinated alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms with R always being fluorine when both R, and R are fluorine; and p is an integer of 1 to 9.

3. A compound of the formula (CF CFO-CF CF I.

4. A compound of the formula (CF CFO-CF CH I.

5. A compound of the formula 6. A compound of the formula (CF CFO-CF CH Br. 7. A compound of the formula (CF CFOCF CH Cl 8. A compound of the formula (CF CFOCF CFClI.

9. A process for the preparation of a fluorinated organic ether of the formula:

R Fo-oA wherein R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of fluorine and perhalogenated alkyl radicals in which the halogen atoms are selected from the group consisting of fluorine and chlorine with at least one fluorine atom being attached to each carbon atom, the sum of the carbon atoms in R and R not exceeding 10, and A is a member selected from the group consisting of R F(!3O-M* wherein R and R have the meanings given above, and M is a member selected from the group consisting of silver, potassium, cesium, rubidium, and tetraalkylammonium 1 5 ions, with an olefin selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulas:

where R R R R and R and p have the meanings given above, in the presence of a halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, and diatomic interhalogens thereof, said process being carried out in a liquid medium which dissolves at least a portion of said salt, said liquid medium being selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl nitriles, dilower alkyl formamides, nitrobenzene, butyrolactone, 3-methyl sulfolane and methyl ethyl sulfone.

10. A process for the preparation of a fluorinated organic compound of the formula:

OFQX F l-A FXQ wherein X is a member selected from the group consisting of chlorine and fluorine, and A is a member selected from the group consisting of radicals of the formulas:

wherein X has the meaning given above, and M is a member selected from the group consisting of silver, potassium, cesium, and tetraalkylammonium ions, with an olefin selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulas:

CHI-CH: R CH=CHRz, RaCF=CR4CR and iiiH-(Hq),

where R R R R R and p have the meanings given above, in the presence of a halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, and diatomic interhalogens thereof, said process being carried out in a solvent for said salt, said solvent being selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl nitriles, dilower alkyl formamides, nitro benzene, butyrolactone, 3-methyl sulfolane and methyl ethyl sulfone.

11. A process for the preparation of a fluorinated organic ether of the formula:

wherein R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of fluorine and perhalogenated alkyl radicals in which the halogen atoms are selected from the group consisting of fluorine and chlorine with at least one fluorine atom being attached to each carbon atom, the sum of the carbon atoms in R and R not exceeding 10, and A is a member selected from the group consisting of radicals of the formulas:

Y R! R1 R3 I +H-CH: (JH-J3HY,' -(.L/F4(|3Y and CH('ilHa)p R5 where R, and R are independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, and iodine; R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of fluorine and hydrogen; R is selected from the group consisting of fluo rine, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine and perfluorinated alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms; and p is an integer of 1 to 9; said process comprising reacting a metal fluoride selected from the group consisting of silver fluoride, potassium fluoride, cesum fluoride, rubidium fluoride, and tetraalkylammonium fluoride, with a compound of the formula: R--(IJ=O where R and R have the meanings given above, to form an organic salt, said reaction being conducted in a liquid medium which can dissolve at least a portion of said organic salt, said liquid medium being selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl nitriles, dilower alkyl formamides, nitrobenzene, butyrolactone, S-methyl sulfolane and methyl ethyl sulfone; and then adding to said reaction medium containing the organic salt a halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, and diatomic interhalogens thereof, and an olefin selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulas:

where R R R R R and p have the meanings given above.

References (Zited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,066,905 1/ 1937 Booth. 2,409,274 l0/ 1946 Hanford et a1. 260-614 2,992,276 7/ 1961 Weimnayr. 3,162,622 12/ 1964 Aldrich.

LEON ZITVER, Primary Examiner.

H. T. MARS, Assistant Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3 ,453 ,335 July 1, 1969 Morton H. Litt et al.

It is certified that error appears in the above identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 2, lines 42 to 44, that portion of the formula reading 1'1 R FCO-M+ should read FCO-M+ line 66, that portion of the formula reading C-O-A should read C=O Column 3, line 61, "tetracafluoro-Sheptanone" should read tetradecafluoro-S-heptanone line 72, "udnecafluorohexanoyl fluoride" should read undecafluorohexanoyl fluoride: Column 4, line 52, "igh" should read high Column 5, line 14, that portion of the formula reading should read I H CH Column 6, line 4, that portion of the formula reading (+CH CH should read (CH CH line 42, that portion of the formula reading FC-O-Ag+ should read Fc-o-A Column 9, after the first group of compounds "isometric" should read isomeric Column 11, line 60, after "ether" insert in 50 ml. of ethyl ether Column 14, the first formula reading:

R R R R I l l 1 should read 1 2 -CH-- CHY -CH-CHY Column 16, line 31 "cesum" should read cesium Signed and sealed this 24th day of March 1970 (SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. WILLIAM E. SCHUYLER, JR.

Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

